| Abraham_Solomon Abstract: Born in Bishopsgate, London, in August 1823. His father, Michael Solomon, was the first Jewish person to be admitted to the freedom of the city of London. At the age of thirteen he became a |
| Allan_Ramsay Abstract: Son of a poet, was born in Edinburgh on 2nd October, 1713, at thirteen he entered Edinburgh High School where he excelled at languages. In 1729 he entered the recently established Academy of |
| August_Welby_Pugin Brief biography of the Gothic Revivalist includes descriptions of his major works. |
| Augustus_Leopold_Egg Brief biographical sketch of the 19th Century painter. |
| Bernard_Partridge Cartoonist noted for strong conservative political views. (1861-1945) |
| Charles_Keene Exerpt from book about the humourist and artist available from Amazon.com. |
| David_Octavius_Hill Excerpt from book about the 19th Century painter and photographer. |
| Elizabeth_Thompson Journalist's biography and bibliography including comments on each work. |
| Ford_Madox_Brown Brief biography of the artist's life and work. Includes his Pre-Raphaelite picture 'Work'. |
| Francis_Carruthers_Gould Biography of political cartoonist who pioneered what became known as "picture politics". |
| Frederick_Walker Abstract: Son of a jeweller born in 1840. After a brief education at the North London Collegiate School, Walker found employment in an architect's office. In 1863 he exhibited his first oil paintings |
| George_Scharf Abstract: Born in Mainburg, Bavaria on 23rd April, 1788. After studying art painting and lithography in Munich, he soon found work producing lithographs for printers. In 1816, Scarf decided to emigra |
| Harry_Furniss Abstract: Son of an engineer, born in Wexford, Ireland, in 1854 he worked as an artist in Ireland but in 1876 he moved to England and found work with the Illustrated London News. Over the next eight y |
| John__Nash Brief notes on the English architect of the Picturesque movement. |
| John_Atkinson_Grimshaw Brief biography of the Leeds born Victorian artist. |
| John_Doyle Brief biographical sketch of the 19th Century lithographer, caricaturist and political commentator. Grandfather to Arthur Conan Doyle. |
| John_Tenniel Brief biographical sketch of the former staff cartoonist with Punch magazine. Best known for his illustrations for Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking Glass |
| Joshua_Reynolds Abstract: Born the son of a clergyman, near Plymouth in 1723, he was sent to London to study art in 1740. After a period in Rome (1749-52), Reynolds returned to England where he established himself as |
| Linley_Sambourne Abstract: Born in London in 1844, he was apprenticed as a draughtsman in a marine engineering works in Greenwich at the age of 16. As a young man Sambourne had been a supporter of the Liberal Party bu |
| Phil_May Abstract: Born near Leeds in 1864. Orphaned at the age of nine, he endured several years of poverty moving from one job to another and ended up begging on the streets. May was a talented artist and he |
| Philip_Hardwick Abstract: Born in London in 1792. Like his father, he became an architect and the buildings he designed included the hall and library of Lincoln's Inn, Euston Railway Station, Goldsmiths' Hall and Lim |
| Richard_Doyle Abstract: Son of a cartoonist, born in London in 1824 and educated at home by his father he began having work published at the age of fifteen. Doyle, like his father, was a devout Roman Catholic, and |
| The_Royal_Academy Abstract: The first president, Joshua Reynolds, established it as a school to train artists in drawing, painting, sculpture and architecture. The Royal Academy also gave an opportunity for artists to |
| Royal_Society_of_Arts Abstract: Viscount Folkestone and Lord Romney, founded the Society of Arts in 1754. The main objective of the society was to promote the arts, productivity and trade. It was the first organisation eve |
| Rudolf_Ackermann Brief history of the lithographer and magazine publisher. |
| Sir_Charles_Barry Brief history of the 19th Century architect. |
| Sir_Christopher_Wren Short biography of the astronomer, scientist and architect who designed and built St. Paul's Cathedral. |
| Sir_George_Scott Brief biographical sketch of the 19th century architect. |
| Sir_John_Soane Brief biographical sketch of the 18th Century architect. |
| Thomas_Gainsborough Portraitist (1727-1788) who developed the theme of group portraits set in a realistic landscape. |
| Thomas_Lawrence Royal painter, knighted in 1815, and past president of the Royal Academy (1769-1830). |
| Will_Dyson Abstract: The ninth of eleven children, was born in Australia in 1880. He became a regular contributor to the Sydney Bulletin, with conservative politicians being the main target for his satire. In 19 |
| William_Kent Abstract: Born in Yorkshire in 1684, he studied painting in Rome (1709-19) and played an important role in introducing the Palladian style of architecture into Britain. He was a versatile designer. Hi |
| William_Pyne Illustrator of books about contemporary London costumes and daily life, he died while in jail for unpaid debts (1769-1843). |
| Bank_of_England Brief description and illustion of the Bank of England, established in 1694. |
| Billingsgate_Market London fishmarket officially established by an Act of Parliament in 1698. |
| Board_of_Trade Specialized department in London that oversees and regulates commerce. |
| Bow_Street_Office Location of a court house in London which housed the city's first group of constables. |
| Buckingham_Palace Short history of the royal family's principal London residence. 1703-today |
| Charing_Cross_Pillory The most famous pillory, or place of public punishment, in London. Circa 1700 |
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Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks article:Dwyer, Douglas. "How Atomic Clocks Work." 01 April 2000. HowStuffWorks.com. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/atomic-clock.htm> 02 December 2008. Inside this Article Introduction to How Atomic Clocks Work Are Atomic Clocks Radioactive? What Are The Types of Atomic Clocks? How Does a Practical Cesium Atomic Clock Work? When Was The Atomic Clock Invented? How Is Atomic Time Measured? See more » Lots More Information See all Nuclear Science articles Science Videos 
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When the power goes out and is later restored, how do you know what time to set your clocks to? Have you ever wondered how time is regulated?
In the United States, the standard of time is regulated by the US Naval Observatory's Master Clock (USNO), the official source of time for the Department of Defense. The effects of these mechanisms are felt by all of us in the form of alarm clocks,
computers, answering machines and meeting schedules. In this edition of HowStuffWorks, we will learn all about atomic clocks and how they keep the world ticking!
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Next Page Inside this Article Introduction to How Atomic Clocks Work Are Atomic Clocks Radioactive? What Are The Types of Atomic Clocks? How Does a Practical Cesium Atomic Clock Work? When Was The Atomic Clock Invented? How Is Atomic Time Measured? Lots More Information See all Nuclear Science articles digg_url = 'http://science.howstuffworks.com/atomic-clock.htm'; digg more 
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